Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about POROUS ASPHALT

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POROUS ASPHALT

Porous asphalt is pervious asphalt that allows water to penetrate into an underground storm water management capacity. This will let the water to perk into the ground naturally. This video takes you through the whole process for installing this storm water management system.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about OREGON INLET IS AN INLET ALONG NORTH CAROLINA'S OUTER BANKS

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OREGON INLET IS AN INLET ALONG NORTH CAROLINA'S OUTER BANKS

Oregon Inlet is an inlet along North Carolina's Outer Banks. It joins the Pamlico Sound with the Atlantic Ocean and separates Bodie Island from Pea Island, which are linked by a 2.5 mile bridge that spans the inlet. 

 As one of the little access points to the ocean along this stretch of coast, Oregon Inlet is a chief departure point for charter fishing trips, with a close by harbor serving as the base for many large boats that travel miles out towards the Gulf Stream almost every day. 

The area is too home to a U.S. Coast Guard station.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SOIL STABILIZATION GEOCELL

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SOIL STABILIZATION GEOCELL

Soil Stabilization is the modification of soils to augment their physical properties. Stabilization can boost the shear strength of a soil and/or control the shrink-swell properties of a soil, thus improving the load bearing capacity of a sub-grade to sustain pavements and foundations.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SLAB JACKING

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SLAB JACKING

Slab-jacking (also referred to as mud-jacking, concrete raising or concrete leveling) is a concrete repair process that is designed to correct sunken concrete slabs or roadways. Slab-jacking involves raising or leveling a sunken or misaligned slab (such as a sidewalk, patio, driveway, or public road) by pumping a grout mixture under the slab. Numerous grout mixtures/material designs are used for slab-jacking / mud-jacking. 

The term "mud-jacking" originated from the use of mud or soil in the mix. Other popular materials for slab-jacking include fly ash, Portland cement, sand or pulverized limestone (and combinations of each).

Slab jacking remains a very enviable method of solving slab problems due to several factors:

more economical than replacing concrete

maintains the texture and appearance of the concrete surface

faster than removal and replacement

increases the load bearing capacity of the slab

extends the useful life of the slab

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SLURRY WALLS

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SLURRY WALLS

Slurry walls give a non- structural barrier against water access, also called cut- off wall and they are executed from a blend of bentonite and cement. 

The thickness of slurry walls can range between 50 and 120 cm and the depth varies between 15 and 60 m.

Applications: 
Slurry walls are generally used to seal landfills, dams or industrial installations that can pollute underground water.

Execution stages:

Slurry walls are built in the identical manner as the diaphragm walls.

The initial stage consists in the excavation of a trench. In the majority cases the excavation penetrates about 1 - 2 m into a low permeability soil, such as clay, to give water tightness under the wall.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about WET-CURING CONCRETE BLANKET

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WET-CURING CONCRETE BLANKET

Wet Curing concrete Blanket is a reflective blanket particularly designed to be hydrated and inhibit moisture loss through the curing process of concrete.

 In modern Civil Engineering works such activities are on rise.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about MEDIA CITY FOOTBRIDGE,MANHATTAN

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MEDIA CITY FOOTBRIDGE,MANHATTAN

It's an asymmetric bobtail swing bridge, spanning across the Manchester Ship Canal. It's 83m long overall, with a 63m core span. To the north, it provides right to use to the new Media City development in Salford, the fresh home to several departments of the BBC. On the south bank, it presently connects to the Imperial War Museum North, but will ultimately link in to a new ITV studio development.

The bridge deck is supported by a harp-style cable-stay outline. The cables support one edge of the deck, and join to eight steel masts in a fan arrangement which I previously likened to a giant skeletal hand.

 I think possibly the design visualizations were a little unflattering, as now that I've seen the (nearly) finished structure, it is a much more attractive creature.

The unusual assemblage of masts arises from the formalism of the geometry. The cables create a harp arrangement in elevation (i.e. they are parallel when viewed from that angle), and are tangential in plan to the curved edge of the deck.

This creates geometry where the cables must be supported at eight detach positions in space, rather than from a single mast.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about EFFECT OF SOFT STORY ON STRUCTURAL RESPONSE OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS

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EFFECT OF SOFT STORY ON STRUCTURAL RESPONSE OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS

Harsh structural damage suffered by numerous modern buildings during recent earthquakes illustrates the importance of avoiding abrupt changes in lateral stiffness and strength. Modern earthquakes that occurred have shown that a big number of existing reinforced concrete buildings are vulnerable to damage or even collapse during a strong earthquake.

While damage and collapse owing to soft story are frequently observed in buildings, they can also be developed in other types of structures. The lower level containing the concrete columns behaved as a soft story in that the columns were unable to give adequate shear resistance during the earthquake. 

Typically the most economical way of retrofitting such as a building is by adding proper bracing to soft stories. Also has been tired to investigate on adding of bracing in diverse arrangements to structure in order to reduce soft story effect on seismic response of building. 

It is lead to assess the susceptibility level of existing multi-storied buildings so that they can be retrofitted to have the minimum requirements. This will aid in minimizing the impending damages and catastrophes.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SOIL CLASSIFICATION

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SOIL CLASSIFICATION

The Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is a soil classification system used in engineering and geology to explain the texture and grain size of a soil. 

The classification structure can be applied to most unconsolidated materials, and is represented by a two-letter symbol. Each letter is described underneath (with the exception of Pt):

If the soil has 5–12% by weight of fines passing a #200 sieve (5% < P#200 < 12%), both grain size distribution and plasticity have a major effect on the engineering properties of the soil, and dual notation may be used for the group symbol.

 For example, GW-GM corresponds to "well-graded gravel with silt."

If the soil has more than 15% by weight retained on a #4 sieve (R#4 > 15%), there is a considerable amount of gravel, and the suffix "with gravel" may be added to the group name, but the group symbol does not change.

For example, SP-SM could submit to "poorly graded SAND with silt" or "poorly graded SAND with silt and gravel."

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SPIRAL CURVES

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SPIRAL CURVES

Spiral curves were initially designed for the Railroads to smooth the transition from a tangent line into simple curves. They helped to lessen the wear and tear on the tracks. Spiral curves were implemented at a soon date on highways to provide a smooth transition from the tangent line into simple curves. 

The highway engineers later determined that the majority drivers will naturally make that spiral transition with the vehicle; consequently, spiral curves are only used on highways in special cases nowadays.

Because they were used in the past and in particular cases today, we need to identify how to calculate them.

From the surveyor’s viewpoint, the design of spiral curves has previously been determined by the engineer and will be documented on existing R/W and As-built plans. 

All we have to do issue, the information shown on these plans to fit the spiral curve inside our surveyed alignment

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SHOTCRETE

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SHOTCRETE

Shotcrete is, in effect, an edition of a cast-in-place concrete wall. Rather than placing concrete into forms, nevertheless, a fresh mix is sprayed onto wall panels that have been erected in the form of the building. 

A nozzle-man applies concrete from a pressurized hose to include the reinforcement and build up the wall thickness, forming structural shapes that include walls, roofs, floors, and other assemblies. 

This material has also been called “gunite” in reference to the nozzle or “gun” used to shoot matter at the form face. 

Any surface appropriate for accepting fresh concrete can be used: steel, wood, and polystyrene are common. 

Finishes are frequently applied directly to the concrete while it is still wet.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SHEET PILES info

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SHEET PILES INFO

Sheet piling is an earth retention and excavation support method that retains soil, using steel sheet sections with interlocking edges. Sheet piles are installed in chain to design depth along the planned excavation perimeter or seawall alignment. The interlocked sheet piles form a wall for permanent or temporary lateral earth support with reduced groundwater inflow. Anchors can be integrated to provide additional lateral support if required.

Sheet pile walls have been used to carry excavations for below grade parking structures, pump houses, basements and foundations, construct cofferdams, and to build seawalls and bulkheads. Permanent steel sheet piles are designed to give a long service life.

Vibratory hammers are used to install sheet piles. If soils are too hard or dense, an impact hammer can be used to complete the installation. 

At assured sites where vibrations are a apprehension, the sheets can be hydraulically pushed into the ground.

Sheet piles are too a sustainable alternative since recycled steel is used in their construction, and the piles can often be reused.