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SHEET PILES INFO

Sheet piling is an earth retention and excavation support method that retains soil, using steel sheet sections with interlocking edges. Sheet piles are installed in chain to design depth along the planned excavation perimeter or seawall alignment. The interlocked sheet piles form a wall for permanent or temporary lateral earth support with reduced groundwater inflow. Anchors can be integrated to provide additional lateral support if required.

Sheet pile walls have been used to carry excavations for below grade parking structures, pump houses, basements and foundations, construct cofferdams, and to build seawalls and bulkheads. Permanent steel sheet piles are designed to give a long service life.

Vibratory hammers are used to install sheet piles. If soils are too hard or dense, an impact hammer can be used to complete the installation. 

At assured sites where vibrations are a apprehension, the sheets can be hydraulically pushed into the ground.

Sheet piles are too a sustainable alternative since recycled steel is used in their construction, and the piles can often be reused.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about PILE CAP

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PILE CAP

Loads from columns transferring to pile cap bring tensile forces at the bottom of the cap. For example, by using truss analogy to investigate a pile cap sitting on two piles with a column at the centre of the pile cap, the tensile force at the bottom is proportional to the pile spacing and is inversely proportional to depth of pile cap. The bottom reinforcement is calculated to resist the tensile stressed generated from loads in columns. 

Side reinforcement may not be essential in pile cap (L.A. Clark (1983)). In fact, the prime aim of the side reinforcement is to control cracking. 

Nevertheless, as most pile caps are hidden from view and it is considered not necessary to give side reinforcement to pile caps based on aesthetic reason.

Occasionally, reinforcement may be calculated at the top of pile caps which serve as compression reinforcement. 

This kind of reinforcement is required in case there is a limitation on the depth of pile caps. Likewise shear reinforcement is introduced to the pile caps in case there is a restriction to the depth of pile caps.

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PILE CAP

A structural member positioned on, and generally fastened to, the top of a pile or a group of piles and used to transmit loads into the pile or group of piles and, in the case of a group, to connect them into a bent, too known as a rider cap or girder.

2. A timber, masonry, or concrete footing resting on a group of piles.

3. A metal cap or helmet provisionally fitted over the head of a precast pile to shield it during driving. Some form of shock-absorbing material is frequently incorporated.