Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about PUSHING” AND “SHOVING” ARE DEFORMATIONS OF THE PAVEMENT SURFACE

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PUSHING” AND “SHOVING” ARE DEFORMATIONS OF THE PAVEMENT SURFACE

Pushing” and “Shoving” are deformations of the pavement exterior. They are most frequent in intersections, where there is braking and stopping traffic. It is easiest to identify at intersections where transverse striping becomes “wavy”.

“Delamination” is sections of a surface layer that have come free from the pavement.

Cause: 
Unstable Mix

Poor interlayer bond

Poor construction

Braking, stopping, accelerating traffic

Slippage between layers

Poor interlayer bond

Heavy trucks

Moisture damage

Poor construction

Solutions - Prevention: 

The use of quality design, quality liquid asphalt, quality aggregate, and quality construction
Elastomeric polymer modified binders have been found to be especially effective.

A good tack between layers

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about POROUS ASPHALT

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POROUS ASPHALT

Porous asphalt is pervious asphalt that allows water to penetrate into an underground storm water management capacity. This will let the water to perk into the ground naturally. This video takes you through the whole process for installing this storm water management system.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about OREGON INLET IS AN INLET ALONG NORTH CAROLINA'S OUTER BANKS

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OREGON INLET IS AN INLET ALONG NORTH CAROLINA'S OUTER BANKS

Oregon Inlet is an inlet along North Carolina's Outer Banks. It joins the Pamlico Sound with the Atlantic Ocean and separates Bodie Island from Pea Island, which are linked by a 2.5 mile bridge that spans the inlet. 

 As one of the little access points to the ocean along this stretch of coast, Oregon Inlet is a chief departure point for charter fishing trips, with a close by harbor serving as the base for many large boats that travel miles out towards the Gulf Stream almost every day. 

The area is too home to a U.S. Coast Guard station.

Learn Free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SOIL STABILIZATION

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SOIL STABILIZATION

EFFECTIVE SOLUTION

EnviroGrid provides a straight, cost-effective solution. The high-strength cell walls sustain the shape and integrity of the structure, allowing for heavy equivalent axle loads exclusive of fear of lateral movement of the fill material. The cellular design of EnviroGrid also distributes the loads to an unmitigated area, thus reducing the stress to the grid itself as well as to the sub-grade below.

 The thickness of the overall framework and sub-base can be decreased with equivalent or greater structural integrity. 

Using EnviroGrid too allows for lower quality aggregates found locally, eliminating the need to import better or extra material. 

Compact sections of EnviroGrid filled with sandy soil can thus return truckloads of crushed stone or other granular fill or even asphalt or concrete. EnviroGrid EGA20 can be used for every soil stabilization applications.

The large number of cells per square meter allows for improved resistance to specific area failure when used for specific load support situations. 

The added cell wall area is perfect in severe slope erosion control purposes by competently preventing the removal of soil particles and prohibiting the creation of rills and gullies. 

EnviroGrid EGA20 is too used in more specialized earth retention jobs.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION

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SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION

The majority of the civil engineering structures involve a few type of structural element with direct contact with ground. When the exterior forces, such as earthquakes, proceed on these systems, neither the structural displacements nor the ground displacements, are independent of each other. 

The procedure in which the response of the soil influences the motion of the structure and the movement of the structure influences the response of the soil is termed as soil-structure interaction (SSI).

Conventional structural design methods overlook the SSI effects. 

 Neglecting SSI is rational for light structures in relatively stiff soil such as low rise buildings and simple rigid retaining walls. 

The effect of SSI, however, becomes prominent for heavy structures resting on comparatively soft soils for example nuclear power plants, high-rise buildings and elevated-highways on soft soil.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SOIL STABILIZATION GEOCELL

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SOIL STABILIZATION GEOCELL

Soil Stabilization is the modification of soils to augment their physical properties. Stabilization can boost the shear strength of a soil and/or control the shrink-swell properties of a soil, thus improving the load bearing capacity of a sub-grade to sustain pavements and foundations.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SLAB JACKING

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SLAB JACKING

Slab-jacking (also referred to as mud-jacking, concrete raising or concrete leveling) is a concrete repair process that is designed to correct sunken concrete slabs or roadways. Slab-jacking involves raising or leveling a sunken or misaligned slab (such as a sidewalk, patio, driveway, or public road) by pumping a grout mixture under the slab. Numerous grout mixtures/material designs are used for slab-jacking / mud-jacking. 

The term "mud-jacking" originated from the use of mud or soil in the mix. Other popular materials for slab-jacking include fly ash, Portland cement, sand or pulverized limestone (and combinations of each).

Slab jacking remains a very enviable method of solving slab problems due to several factors:

more economical than replacing concrete

maintains the texture and appearance of the concrete surface

faster than removal and replacement

increases the load bearing capacity of the slab

extends the useful life of the slab

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about SLURRY WALLS

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SLURRY WALLS

Slurry walls give a non- structural barrier against water access, also called cut- off wall and they are executed from a blend of bentonite and cement. 

The thickness of slurry walls can range between 50 and 120 cm and the depth varies between 15 and 60 m.

Applications: 
Slurry walls are generally used to seal landfills, dams or industrial installations that can pollute underground water.

Execution stages:

Slurry walls are built in the identical manner as the diaphragm walls.

The initial stage consists in the excavation of a trench. In the majority cases the excavation penetrates about 1 - 2 m into a low permeability soil, such as clay, to give water tightness under the wall.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about TIMBER BEAMS

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TIMBER BEAMS

Timber framing and "post-and-beam" construction are methods of building with heavy timbers to a certain extent than dimensional lumber such as 2" x 4" s. Conventional timber framing is the method of creating structures by means of heavy squared-off and carefully fitted and joined timbers with joints secured by large wooden pegs (larger versions of the mortise and tenon joints in furniture). It is routine in wooden buildings from the 19th century and before. The method comes from making things out of logs and tree trunks without modern high tech saws to cut lumber from the starting material stock. 

Using axes, adzes, and draw knives, hand-powered auger drill bits (bit and brace), and difficult woodworking, artisans or farmers could steadily assemble a building capable of bearing heavy weight without extreme use of interior space given over to vertical support posts. 

 Ever since this building method has been used for thousands of years in numerous parts of the world, there are many styles of momentous framing. 

These styles are frequently categorized by the kind of foundation, walls, how and where the beams intersect, the use of curved timbers, and the roof framing facts. Three essential types of timber frames in English-speaking countries are the box frame, cruck frame, and aisled frame.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about WET-CURING CONCRETE BLANKET

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WET-CURING CONCRETE BLANKET

Wet Curing concrete Blanket is a reflective blanket particularly designed to be hydrated and inhibit moisture loss through the curing process of concrete.

 In modern Civil Engineering works such activities are on rise.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about NEW HOME CONSTRUCTION - TIE BEAM

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NEW HOME CONSTRUCTION - TIE BEAM

Rafters or Tie beam Rafter ties are considered to tie together the bottoms of opposing rafters on a roof, to resist the outer thrust where the roof meets the house ceiling and walls.

This helps keep walls from spreading due to the weight of the roof and anything on it, remarkably wet snow. In numerous or most homes, the ceiling joists also provide as the rafter ties. When the walls extend, the roof ridge will sag.

 A sagging ridge is one clue that the home may lack sufficient rafter ties. Rafter ties form the bottom chord of a simple triangular roof truss. They resist the out-thrust of a triangle that's trying to flatten under the roof's own weight or snow load.

They are positioned in the bottom one-third of the roof height. Rafter ties are constantly required unless the roof has a structural (self-supporting) ridge, or is built via engineered trusses. A lack of rafter ties is a grave structural issue in a conventionally framed roof.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about NEW ECO-FRIENDLY BUILDING MATERIAL

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NEW ECO-FRIENDLY BUILDING MATERIAL

A new eco-friendly building material that saves water and reduces the quantity of debris in a building construction is the precise material. This is the sort of sustainable and eco-friendly material that will assist creating cheap housing, green jobs, and fast benefits to the wider society.

This building material created in Brazil promises to lessen the impacts generated by the construction industry wide-reaching. The substitute is equivalent to mortar and reduces the production of use of water, slag, lime and sand to build walls.

The Mass dundun is glue used to fix the bricks and their application is additional sustainable than the mortar, since the product does not produce waste, keeps clean and combat works wasting many resources that would become rubble. Appropriate for sealing walls built with various materials – like brick, concrete, conventional ceramics and ecological brick, the product is a fluid that also promises to lessen the physical effort of workers retire and cement mixers.

Learn free Civil Engineering by Civilustaad about MEDIA CITY FOOTBRIDGE,MANHATTAN

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MEDIA CITY FOOTBRIDGE,MANHATTAN

It's an asymmetric bobtail swing bridge, spanning across the Manchester Ship Canal. It's 83m long overall, with a 63m core span. To the north, it provides right to use to the new Media City development in Salford, the fresh home to several departments of the BBC. On the south bank, it presently connects to the Imperial War Museum North, but will ultimately link in to a new ITV studio development.

The bridge deck is supported by a harp-style cable-stay outline. The cables support one edge of the deck, and join to eight steel masts in a fan arrangement which I previously likened to a giant skeletal hand.

 I think possibly the design visualizations were a little unflattering, as now that I've seen the (nearly) finished structure, it is a much more attractive creature.

The unusual assemblage of masts arises from the formalism of the geometry. The cables create a harp arrangement in elevation (i.e. they are parallel when viewed from that angle), and are tangential in plan to the curved edge of the deck.

This creates geometry where the cables must be supported at eight detach positions in space, rather than from a single mast.